applying the balance of power theory in explaining the failure of the iranian constitutional revolution; emphasising the role of russia

this article is an inquiry into the causes of the failure of the iranian constitutional revolution of 1906 in achieving its aims and objectives, as the triumphant revolution faced many difficulties shortly after victory. in the period, iran was integrated into the international system, therefore, without noting international issues, understanding its internal developments cannot be possible. the current paper is a study of international situation in that historical period, ranging from the victory of the revolution in 1906 to the world war i and finally the collapse of the constitutional government. the main question in this paper is: why did the iranian constitutional revolution, in spite of iranian people’ efforts fail? relying on the balance of power theory as its theoretical framework, the authors put forward the thesis that as the aims of the revolution were against the interests of russia and its ally of the time, britain, the two great powers collaborated to undermine the revolution, and finally caused its defeat.